This chapter contains information detailing cancers by type. As our focus is on the biology of the cancers and their treatments, we do not give detailed treatment guidelines. Instead, we link to organizations in the U.S. that generate the treatment guidelines.
Thank you for your patience as we work to continue expanding this chapter with additional cancer types. If the cancer in which you are interested is not yet presented, please check back because we will be adding new cancer types regularly.
•Breast
•Cervical
•Colon & Rectal (Colorectal)
•Leukemia
•Lymphoma
•Lung
•Multiple Myeloma
•Pancreatic
•Prostate
The chromosomes within our cells contain an enormous amount of information. It is estimated that humans have somewhere around 30,000 genes. Each gene codes for an RNA molecule that is either used directly or used as a guide for the formation of a protein such as the insulin shown earlier. Information in our cells generally flows in a predictable order from the storage form of the information (DNA) through the working form (RNA) into the final product (protein). This pathway is used by all organisms and is diagrammed below.
As shown, DNA is used as a model or template for the production of more DNA. This process, known as replication, will be addressed in the next chapter on cell division.
The process in which particular sections of DNA (genes) are used to produce RNA is known as transcription. We will cover transcription in some detail because alterations in the transcription of certain genes are very important in the development of cancer.
The set of genes that are 'on' at any given time is critical. The variable environment in which we live means that different genes need to be 'on' at different times. For example, if a meal contains large amounts of lactose, a sugar found in milk, then our bodies respond by turning on (transcribing) the genes that lead to the production of enzymes that break down lactose. If a different sugar or nutrient is present, the correct genes need to be turned on to process it.
•Skin
•Stomach (Gastric)
kidney center
The Kidney Centre Post Graduate Training Institute is committed to provide quality renal health care services.
Our Services
Equipped with the latest state-of-the-art machinery, TKC is fully trained to handle all kinds of nephro-urological emergencies.
Equipped with the latest state-of-the-art machinery including two emergency dialysis machines, one emergency surgery theatre and 10 day-care beds, the Emergency Room is staffed with doctors and paramedical, fully trained to handle all kinds of nephro-urological emergencies.
All necessary investigations are carried out in E.R and the patient may have to stay for a short while or up to 12 hours. If required the patient is transferred to the in-patient ward.
The reception at the Emergency Room provides information about registration, discharge or transfer to the ward.
Lithotripsy
Lithotripsy is a non-surgical procedure of breaking kidney ureter and urinary bladder stones through shockwaves into small fragments that are subsequently passed out in the urine.
The Kidney Centre is equipped with the most advanced lithotripter with full back-up facilities like DJS insertion, push back and URS.This is a day care procedure and the patient is able to leave the hospital the same day after treatment.
Our Services
Equipped with the latest state-of-the-art machinery, TKC is fully trained to handle all kinds of nephro-urological emergencies.
Equipped with the latest state-of-the-art machinery including two emergency dialysis machines, one emergency surgery theatre and 10 day-care beds, the Emergency Room is staffed with doctors and paramedical, fully trained to handle all kinds of nephro-urological emergencies.
All necessary investigations are carried out in E.R and the patient may have to stay for a short while or up to 12 hours. If required the patient is transferred to the in-patient ward.
The reception at the Emergency Room provides information about registration, discharge or transfer to the ward.
Lithotripsy
Lithotripsy is a non-surgical procedure of breaking kidney ureter and urinary bladder stones through shockwaves into small fragments that are subsequently passed out in the urine.
The Kidney Centre is equipped with the most advanced lithotripter with full back-up facilities like DJS insertion, push back and URS.This is a day care procedure and the patient is able to leave the hospital the same day after treatment.