We have one very simple goal: to provide quality, comprehensive, and personal eye care. We believe that quality eye care begins with doctors who care about you, not just for you.
At Eye Specialists, we offer state-of-the-art LASIK technology. For added patient comfort and convenience, we have our own in-house surgical center which houses our own VISX Star S4 excimer laser.
From routine eye exams for glasses or contact lenses to the latest technology in cataract or LASIK surgery, Eye Specialists provides the essentials for all your eye care and eye wear needs.
LASER EYE SURGERY (DIODE)
Laser eye surgery is a safe and effective method of correcting visual problems, often removing the constant need for glasses. Our guide to laser eye surgery aims to cover all your questions, from what the procedure for laser eye surgery involves, the risks, the benefis and the different types of laser eye surgery. If you
There are 2 main methods of laser eye surgery used today:
1. LASIK Laser Eye Surgery
2. PRK Laser Eye Surgery
The major difference between the two surgeries is the way that the stroma, the middle layer of the cornea, is exposed before it is vaporized with the laser. In PRK, the top layer of the cornea, called the epithelium, is scraped away to expose the stromal layer underneath. In LASIK, a flap is cut in the stromal layer and the flap is folded back.
This guide provides an overview of laser eye surgery, including possible complications of treatment
Also called: Keratectomy, LASIK, LTK, PRK
For many people, laser eye surgery can correct their vision so they no longer need glasses or contact lenses. Laser eye surgery reshapes the cornea, the clear front part of the eye. This changes its focusing power.
There are different types of laser eye surgery. LASIK - laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis – is one of the most common. Many patients who have LASIK end up with 20/20 vision. But, like all medical procedures, it has both risks and benefits. Only your eye doctor can tell if you are a good candidate for laser eye surgery
HIGHPOWER LASER
Sacher Lasertechnik offers state of the art tunable diode laser systems for industry and science. The combination of high power and performance really makes a difference. They are designed for spectroscopy laboratories as well as for industrial applications. Automated wavelength scans as well as all laser functions are accessable via GPIB, USB, RS232.
External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littrow Configuration, up to 1000mW
Littrow Tiger Series: The TEC 300 External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littrow configuration is designed for high output power up to 1000mW, narrow linewidth in the order of 1MHz and a moderate mode-hop free tuning range of up to 15GHz. Available wavelength are 765nm .. 1080nm.
External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littman/Metcalf Configuration, up to 1000mW
Littman Tiger Series: The TEC 320 External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littman/Metcalf configuration is designed for high output power up to 1000mW, narrow linewidth in the order of 500kHz and a moderate mode-hop free tuning range of up to 15GHz. Available wavelength are 765nm .. 1080nm.
External Cavity Broad Area Diode Laser System in Littrow Configuration, up to 1500mW
Cougar Series: The TEC 200 External Cavity Broad Area Diode Laser in Littrow configuration is designed for high output power up to 1500mW. Main application is optical pumping of gases and Raman spectroscopy. The linewidth is moderate in the order of 10GHz. Available wavelength are 630nm .. 1080nm.
Application Notes
Sacher Lasertechnik offers a large collection of application notes on external cavity diode lasers as Absorption Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Metrology and Fluorescence Spectroscopy.
Technical Notes
Sacher Lasertechnik offers a large collection of technical notes which are downloadable as PDF Files.
Publications
Sacher Lasertechnik offers a large collection of Sacher publications or publications where Sacher equipment has been used. All documents are downloadable as PDF Files.
External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littrow Configuration, up to 1000mW
Littrow Tiger Series: The TEC 300 External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littrow configuration is designed for high output power up to 1000mW, narrow linewidth in the order of 1MHz and a moderate mode-hop free tuning range of up to 15GHz. Available wavelength are 765nm .. 1080nm.
External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littman/Metcalf Configuration, up to 1000mW
Littman Tiger Series: The TEC 320 External Cavity Tapered Diode Laser in Littman/Metcalf configuration is designed for high output power up to 1000mW, narrow linewidth in the order of 500kHz and a moderate mode-hop free tuning range of up to 15GHz. Available wavelength are 765nm .. 1080nm.
External Cavity Broad Area Diode Laser System in Littrow Configuration, up to 1500mW
Cougar Series: The TEC 200 External Cavity Broad Area Diode Laser in Littrow configuration is designed for high output power up to 1500mW. Main application is optical pumping of gases and Raman spectroscopy. The linewidth is moderate in the order of 10GHz. Available wavelength are 630nm .. 1080nm.
Application Notes
Sacher Lasertechnik offers a large collection of application notes on external cavity diode lasers as Absorption Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Metrology and Fluorescence Spectroscopy.
Technical Notes
Sacher Lasertechnik offers a large collection of technical notes which are downloadable as PDF Files.
Publications
Sacher Lasertechnik offers a large collection of Sacher publications or publications where Sacher equipment has been used. All documents are downloadable as PDF Files.
LASER DIODE CEO AND OTHERS
These Laser Diode Arrays are offered on a variety of heat sink package types that are conductively cooled. The arrays should be mounted to a heat sink with a recommended base plate temperature of 25° C. In addition to the types of packages listed here, CEO can customzie a package to meet your specific needs Fiber coupled arrays feature high brightness fiber coupling, small footprint and very high power in passively cooled packages. They deliver 6W to 120W of laser power through 0.22 NA multimode optical fibers with 100µm to 1000 µm core. Silver Bullet diode laser submodules (ASMs) are offered with optional soldering kits. CEO® can also attach Silver Bullets to customer-supplied heat exchanger to make completely packaged laser diode arrays. Extreme care should be taken when handling these components. We recommend that they be only used by customers who are experienced in the handling and packaging of laser diode bars. A laser diode is a laser where the active medium is a semiconductor similar to that found in a light-emitting diode. The most common and practical type of laser diode is formed from a p-n junction and powered by injected electric current. These devices are sometimes referred to as injection laser diodes to distinguish them from (optically) pumped laser diodes, which are more easily produced in the laboratory.
RUBY LASER
The first laser (which is the abbreviation of the words Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) was created in 1961 by Theodore Maiman (b.1927) at the Hughes Research Laboratories. He used a rod of synthetic ruby as the lasing medium. The crystalline structure of ruby is similar to the one of corundum, i.e. a crystal of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), in which the small part of atoms of aluminum (about 0,05 %) is replaced with ions Cr +++. Ruby rod is illuminated by intense impulse of light, which is generated by helical xenon discharge lamp as shown in animation. The ends of ruby rod are highly polished and silvered to serve as laser mirrors. The impulse of light creates the inverse population of electrons in ruby rod and due to the presence of mirrors the laser generation is excited. The duration of the laser impulse is a little bit shorter than the pump impulse of the flash lamp.
A short while after the initial announcement of the first successful optical laser, other labs around the world jumped on the bandwagon trying out many different substrates and ions such as rare earths like Nd, Pr, Tm, Ho, Er, Yb, Gd even Uranium was successfully lased ! Many different substrates were tried such as Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG), glass (which was easier to manufacture), CaF2. As manufacturing techniques improved these lasers rapidly made the transition from the lab bench to commercial applications.
A short while after the initial announcement of the first successful optical laser, other labs around the world jumped on the bandwagon trying out many different substrates and ions such as rare earths like Nd, Pr, Tm, Ho, Er, Yb, Gd even Uranium was successfully lased ! Many different substrates were tried such as Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG), glass (which was easier to manufacture), CaF2. As manufacturing techniques improved these lasers rapidly made the transition from the lab bench to commercial applications.
HAIR TRANSPALATION
Follicular Hair Transplantation
Follicular hair transplantation is a surgical procedure in which small plugs of hair-bearing skin containing 2 to 3 hair each are taken from the back or sides of the scalp and transferred to the bald area on the head. The area from which the grafts are taken (donor site) is first treated with a local anesthesia followed by removal of the desired number of hair grafts. The area that is to receive the grafts (recipient site) is similarly treated and the donor grafts are carefully placed into the prepared area in a pattern that matches the direction of the original hair. The transplants are spaced in such a way as to allow each to receive an adequate blood supply during the healing process. The procedure lasts for 2 to 3 hours depending upon the condition of the skin and extent of the area involved. One to three months later, the spaces between the new implants are filled in with new grafts. About six weeks after each transplant, the hair falls out. Approximately three months later, new hair appears and grows at a rate of one quarter to one-half inch a month.
What types of baldness can be helped by this procedure?
There are many causes for hair loss in men and women including high fever as a result of severe infection, thyroid disease, inadequate protein in the diet, certain medications, cancer treatments, childbirth, birth control pills and others. Many of these conditions are reversible and do not require hair transplantation. The most common type of baldness that is successfully treated with hair transplantation is male pattern baldness. This condition, inherited from either side of the family, starts when a person is in his or her teens, twenties or thirties. While women with this inherited tendency do not become bald, they can develop considerable thinning of the hair. Other types of baldness that respond to this procedure are those which have resulted from accidents, operations and inflammatory or infectious diseases of the scalp. Following the initial treatments, many patients who want to achieve greater density or refinement of the hairline will return for additional transplants.
Follicular hair transplantation is a surgical procedure in which small plugs of hair-bearing skin containing 2 to 3 hair each are taken from the back or sides of the scalp and transferred to the bald area on the head. The area from which the grafts are taken (donor site) is first treated with a local anesthesia followed by removal of the desired number of hair grafts. The area that is to receive the grafts (recipient site) is similarly treated and the donor grafts are carefully placed into the prepared area in a pattern that matches the direction of the original hair. The transplants are spaced in such a way as to allow each to receive an adequate blood supply during the healing process. The procedure lasts for 2 to 3 hours depending upon the condition of the skin and extent of the area involved. One to three months later, the spaces between the new implants are filled in with new grafts. About six weeks after each transplant, the hair falls out. Approximately three months later, new hair appears and grows at a rate of one quarter to one-half inch a month.
What types of baldness can be helped by this procedure?
There are many causes for hair loss in men and women including high fever as a result of severe infection, thyroid disease, inadequate protein in the diet, certain medications, cancer treatments, childbirth, birth control pills and others. Many of these conditions are reversible and do not require hair transplantation. The most common type of baldness that is successfully treated with hair transplantation is male pattern baldness. This condition, inherited from either side of the family, starts when a person is in his or her teens, twenties or thirties. While women with this inherited tendency do not become bald, they can develop considerable thinning of the hair. Other types of baldness that respond to this procedure are those which have resulted from accidents, operations and inflammatory or infectious diseases of the scalp. Following the initial treatments, many patients who want to achieve greater density or refinement of the hairline will return for additional transplants.
COSMETIC LASER SURGERY
Vitiligo (vit-ill-EYE-go) is a pigmentation disorder in which melanocytes (the cells that make pigment) in the skin, the mucous membranes (tissues that line the inside of the mouth and nose and genital and rectal areas), and the retina (inner layer of the eyeball) are destroyed. As a result, white patches of skin appear on different parts of the body. The hair that grows in areas affected by vitiligo usually turns white.
The cause of vitiligo is not known, but doctors and researchers have several different theories. One theory is that people develop antibodies that destroy the melanocytes in their own bodies. Another theory is that melanocytes destroy themselves. Finally, some people have reported that a single event such as sunburn or emotional distress triggered vitiligo; however, these events have not been scientifically proven to cause vitiligo.
Who Is Affected by Vitiligo?
About 1 to 2 percent of the world's population, or 40 to 50 million people, have vitiligo. In the United States, 2 to 5 million people have the disorder. Ninety-five percent of people who have vitiligo develop it before their 40th birthday. The disorder affects all races and both sexes equally.
The cause of vitiligo is not known, but doctors and researchers have several different theories. One theory is that people develop antibodies that destroy the melanocytes in their own bodies. Another theory is that melanocytes destroy themselves. Finally, some people have reported that a single event such as sunburn or emotional distress triggered vitiligo; however, these events have not been scientifically proven to cause vitiligo.
Who Is Affected by Vitiligo?
About 1 to 2 percent of the world's population, or 40 to 50 million people, have vitiligo. In the United States, 2 to 5 million people have the disorder. Ninety-five percent of people who have vitiligo develop it before their 40th birthday. The disorder affects all races and both sexes equally.
THE MYSTERIES OF LASER
For Librarians
Because librarians want their users to access the best possible content as a result of their research, they invest in quality databases such as those offered on EBSCOhost®. Difficulty arises when researchers search the open Web where distinguishing between quality content and less credible content can be a challenge. EBSCOhost Connection is designed to bridge the gap between commercial search engines (e.g. Google, Yahoo, MSN, etc) and the valuable content of EBSCOhost. It is intended to promote the EBSCOhost content purchased by public libraries, schools, universities and other EBSCO customers by infusing brief citation-only records from EBSCOhost databases within commercial search engine result lists. Users would then click on the EBSCOhost record and be appropriately directed to the database pages within their library's EBSCOhost profile. Users will also realize through an on-screen brand, that the content is brought to them courtesy of their library (including the appropriate library's name).
The basic objective of EBSCOhost Connection is to help researchers find more quality results if they are searching the Web by directing them into EBSCOhost. This optional service is free to all EBSCOhost database customers, and activated only at the discretion of the library.
Because librarians want their users to access the best possible content as a result of their research, they invest in quality databases such as those offered on EBSCOhost®. Difficulty arises when researchers search the open Web where distinguishing between quality content and less credible content can be a challenge. EBSCOhost Connection is designed to bridge the gap between commercial search engines (e.g. Google, Yahoo, MSN, etc) and the valuable content of EBSCOhost. It is intended to promote the EBSCOhost content purchased by public libraries, schools, universities and other EBSCO customers by infusing brief citation-only records from EBSCOhost databases within commercial search engine result lists. Users would then click on the EBSCOhost record and be appropriately directed to the database pages within their library's EBSCOhost profile. Users will also realize through an on-screen brand, that the content is brought to them courtesy of their library (including the appropriate library's name).
The basic objective of EBSCOhost Connection is to help researchers find more quality results if they are searching the Web by directing them into EBSCOhost. This optional service is free to all EBSCOhost database customers, and activated only at the discretion of the library.
MASER
In 1954, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow invented the maser (microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), using ammonia gas and microwave radiation - the maser was invented before the (optical) laser. The technology is very close but does not use a visible light. On March 24, 1959, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow were granted a patent for the maser. Patent Number(s) 2,879,439; 2,929,922Theory of the Laser:
In 1958, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow theorized (but did not build) about a visible laser, an invention that would use infrared and/or visible spectrum light.
Charles Townes - Biography:
Charles Townes was born in Greenville, South Carolina on July 28 1915. During World War II, Townes was employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc., where he worked on radar bombing systems. Beginning in 1948, he began work on the maser at Columbia University. Charles Townes was the director of research at the Institute for Defense Analysis in Washington, D.C. from 1959 to 1961. After that, he became the professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1964, Townes was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his research in quantum electronics.
Arthur Schawlow was born in Mount Vernon, New York, on May 5 1921. In 1941, he received a bachelor's degree in physics and mathematics from the University of Toronto. He later his master's degree and Ph.D. in physics from the same university. Arthur Schawlow met Charles Townes at Columbia University, where he was doing research. In 1981, Schawlow was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his research in laser spectroscopy
In 1958, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow theorized (but did not build) about a visible laser, an invention that would use infrared and/or visible spectrum light.
Charles Townes - Biography:
Charles Townes was born in Greenville, South Carolina on July 28 1915. During World War II, Townes was employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc., where he worked on radar bombing systems. Beginning in 1948, he began work on the maser at Columbia University. Charles Townes was the director of research at the Institute for Defense Analysis in Washington, D.C. from 1959 to 1961. After that, he became the professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1964, Townes was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his research in quantum electronics.
Arthur Schawlow was born in Mount Vernon, New York, on May 5 1921. In 1941, he received a bachelor's degree in physics and mathematics from the University of Toronto. He later his master's degree and Ph.D. in physics from the same university. Arthur Schawlow met Charles Townes at Columbia University, where he was doing research. In 1981, Schawlow was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his research in laser spectroscopy
LPKF LASER PLASTIC WELDING
The Process:
Transmission laser welding creates a perfect and reliable connection. In this process, two plastic parts are joined, each possessing different absorptive characteristics. The laser penetrates the top layer, which is transparent to that wavelength, but is absorbed by the bottom layer. The surface of the bottom layer melts, which in turn melts the adjoining surfaces of the top layer and both surfaces bind to each other
Clean and safe joining of components
Welding plastics via laser is especially suited for delicate components, because there is no mechanical motion and the thermal reaction is minimal. This makes the technique ideal for a wider range of possible applications in such industries as automotive, medical, consumer electronics, and theThe LQ-Power is the latest evolution of laser plastic welding, available now as a turnkey solution. LPKF’s fundamental understanding of the process and years of experience in mechanical and automation engineering stand behind this high quality laser plastic welding system. The system meets even the most rigorous industrial demand and quality requirements.
The LQ-Power handles work pieces as large as 6.3” x 6.3” x 3.9” (160 x 160 x 100mm). Although the factory configuration is ideal for manual feeding from a standing or sitting position, the dual stations assure short process times. The system an also be configured at the factory for automated feeding for pick & place systems.
•Full size PCB format Table size 25” x 22” (640 x 560 mm)
•Standardized feed adapters reduce typical changeover time to less than ten minutes
•Unit can be loaded and unloaded during a welding cycle – reducing cycle time
food industry.
Transmission laser welding creates a perfect and reliable connection. In this process, two plastic parts are joined, each possessing different absorptive characteristics. The laser penetrates the top layer, which is transparent to that wavelength, but is absorbed by the bottom layer. The surface of the bottom layer melts, which in turn melts the adjoining surfaces of the top layer and both surfaces bind to each other
Clean and safe joining of components
Welding plastics via laser is especially suited for delicate components, because there is no mechanical motion and the thermal reaction is minimal. This makes the technique ideal for a wider range of possible applications in such industries as automotive, medical, consumer electronics, and theThe LQ-Power is the latest evolution of laser plastic welding, available now as a turnkey solution. LPKF’s fundamental understanding of the process and years of experience in mechanical and automation engineering stand behind this high quality laser plastic welding system. The system meets even the most rigorous industrial demand and quality requirements.
The LQ-Power handles work pieces as large as 6.3” x 6.3” x 3.9” (160 x 160 x 100mm). Although the factory configuration is ideal for manual feeding from a standing or sitting position, the dual stations assure short process times. The system an also be configured at the factory for automated feeding for pick & place systems.
•Full size PCB format Table size 25” x 22” (640 x 560 mm)
•Standardized feed adapters reduce typical changeover time to less than ten minutes
•Unit can be loaded and unloaded during a welding cycle – reducing cycle time
food industry.